水蛭素凝胶对小鼠气管切开刮擦法致良性气道病变气管狭窄率的影响

谈馨媛.水蛭素凝胶对小鼠气管切开刮擦法致良性气道病变气管狭窄率的影响[J].内科急危重症杂志,2025,31(5):449-453

DOI：10.11768/nkjwzzzz20250511

英文关键词:

基金项目:“双一流”与高水平大学学科协同创新团队重点项目（No.2021xk27）

作者	单位	E-mail
谈馨媛	广东省中医院	xuyinji@gzucm.edu.cn

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中文摘要:

摘要目的：初步评价水蛭素凝胶对气管切开后刮擦法致气道病变小鼠的安全性和疗效，为明确疗效机制提供基础。方法：气管切开刮擦法造模气道损伤致良性气道病变小鼠模型，随机分为空白组、空白基质凝胶涂抹组、水蛭素凝胶低剂量（1 ATU/g）涂抹组、水蛭素凝胶高剂量（2 ATU/g）涂抹组，观察各组小鼠存活率。分别于试验第8天、第15天处死小鼠取材气管组织，组织固定切片后观察病理并计算气管狭窄率。结果：4组存活率分别为100.00%、96.55%、93.10%、92.31%。术后第8天取材的水蛭素凝胶低剂量涂抹组、水蛭素凝胶高剂量涂抹组气管狭窄率分别为(38.27%±9.08%)、(44.26%±20.30%)，较空白基质凝胶涂抹组的气管狭窄率(47.52%±15.35%)无统计学差异(F=0.97, P>0.05)；术后第15天取材水蛭素凝胶低剂量涂抹组、水蛭素凝胶高剂量涂抹组气管狭窄率分别为(38.27%±9.08%)、(37.12%±13.93%)，较空白基质凝胶涂抹组的气管狭窄率(39.12%±8.97%)无统计学差异(F=0.09, P>0.05)。结论：通过气道局部给药具有可行性，虽然水蛭素凝胶各剂量组都没有显示出明显优势，但术后第8天仍可以观察到水蛭素凝胶改善小鼠局部气道损伤导致肉芽肿增生的趋势。

英文摘要:

Abstract Objective: To preliminarily evaluate the safety and efficacy of hirudin gel in mice with airway lesions induced by tracheal scraping after tracheotomy, and to provide a foundation for clarifying the therapeutic mechanisms. Methods: A mouse model of benign airway lesions caused by tracheal injury was established using the tracheotomy and scraping method. The mice were randomly divided into four groups: control group, blank matrix gel group, low-dose hirudin gel (1 ATU/g) group, and high-dose hirudin gel (2 ATU/g) group. After observing survival rates, tracheal tissues were harvested on days 8 and 15 post-surgery. Pathological examination was performed on fixed tissue sections, and tracheal stenosis rates were calculated. Results: Survival rates for the four groups were 100.00%, 96.55%, 93.10%, and 92.31%, respectively. On day 8 post-surgery, tracheal stenosis rates in the low-dose hirudin gel group (38.27% ± 9.08%) and high-dose hirudin gel group (44.26% ± 20.30%) showed no statistically significant difference compared to the blank matrix gel group (47.52% ± 15.35%) (F= 0.97, P> 0.05). On day 15 post-surgery, tracheal stenosis rates in the low-dose (38.27% ± 9.08%) and high-dose hirudin gel groups (37.12% ± 13.93%) also showed no significant difference compared to the blank matrix gel group (39.12% ± 8.97%) (F= 0.09, P> 0.05). Conclusion: Local airway administration of hirudin gel is feasible. Although neither dose group demonstrated a significant advantage, a trend toward reduced granulomatous hyperplasia caused by localized airway injury was observed in the hirudin gel groups by day 8 post-surgery.